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https://yscholarhub.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/2021.sw.yonsei/4732
2024-03-28T22:03:18ZSprayable nanomicelle hydrogels and inflammatory bowel disease patient cell chips for development of intestinal lesion-specific therapy
https://yscholarhub.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/2021.sw.yonsei/6292
Title: Sprayable nanomicelle hydrogels and inflammatory bowel disease patient cell chips for development of intestinal lesion-specific therapy
Authors: HYO-JIN YOON; Songhyun Lee; TAEYOUNGKIM; Seung-Eun Yu; HYESEON KIM; YOUNG SHIN CHUNG; Seyong Chung; SUJI PARK; YONGCHEOL SHIN; EUNKYUNG WANG; JIHYE NOH; Hyun Jung Kim; Cheol Ryong Ku; hong Koh; CHANGSOO KIM; Joon-Sang Park; YOUNG MIN SHIN; Hak-Joon Sung
Abstract: All-in-one treatments represent a paradigm shift in future medicine. For example, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is mainly diagnosed by endoscopy, which could be applied for not only on-site monitoring but also the intestinal lesion-targeted spray of injectable hydrogels. Furthermore, molecular conjugation to the hydrogels would program both lesion-specific adhesion and drug-free therapy. This study validated this concept of all-in-one treatment by first utilizing a well-known injectable hydrogel that underwent efficient solution-to-gel transition and nanomicelle formation as a translatable component. These properties enabled spraying of the hydrogel onto the intestinal walls during endoscopy. Next, peptide conjugation to the hydrogel guided endoscopic monitoring of IBD progress upon adhesive gelation with subsequent moisturization of inflammatory lesions, specifically by nanomicelles. The peptide was designed to mimic the major component that mediates intestinal interaction with Bacillus subtilis flagellin during IBD initiation. Hence, the peptide-guided efficient adhesion of the hydrogel nanomicelles onto Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) as the main target of flagellin binding and Notch-1. The peptide binding potently suppressed inflammatory signaling without drug loading, where TLR5 and Notch-1 operated collaboratively through downstream actions of tumor necrosis factor-alpha. The results were produced using a human colorectal cell line, clinical IBD patient cells, gut-on-a-chip, a mouse IBD model, and pig experiments to validate the translational utility.2022-12-01T00:00:00ZRelationship between Androgen Deprivation Therapy and Normal-Tension Glaucoma in Patients with Prostate Cancer: A Nationwide Cohort Study
https://yscholarhub.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/2021.sw.yonsei/6454
Title: Relationship between Androgen Deprivation Therapy and Normal-Tension Glaucoma in Patients with Prostate Cancer: A Nationwide Cohort Study
Authors: 조강수; 하지수; 이혜선; 박주영; 전진형; 김도경; 김민; 황호식; 김태효; 안현규
Abstract: Purpose: This study assessed the relationship between newly developed normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) and androgen depri vation therapy (ADT) in patients with prostate cancer. Materials and Methods: A retrospective population-based cohort study was performed. During the period between 2008 and 2017, a total of 218203 prostate cancer patients were identified in a nationwide claims database in the Republic of Korea. The final analysis included 170874 patients (42909 in the ADT group, 127965 in the control group) after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The incidences of NTG according to ADT duration were compared with controls. Exact matching was conducted to adjust comorbidities between cohorts. Cox proportional hazard regression models were performed after controlling for latent confound ing factors, and adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the incidence of NTG according to ADT were obtained. Results: In the matched cohort, the ADT group was associated with a significantly reduced risk of NTG in multivariable analysis compared to the control group. The risk of NTG decreased in patients who underwent ADT for less than 2 years (HR=0.824; 95% CI, 0.682?0.995; p=0.0440) and in those using ADT over 2 years (HR=0.796; 95% CI, 0.678?0.934; p=0.0051), compared to the controls. Conclusion: Medical castrations for patients with prostate cancer results in a lower incidence of newly diagnosed NTG compared to no ADT. These findings suggest that testosterone may be involved in the pathogenesis of NTG.2022-10-01T00:00:00ZAndrogen Deprivation Therapy in Patients with Prostate Cancer is Associated with the Risk of Subsequent Alzheimer's Disease but Not with Vascular Dementia
https://yscholarhub.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/2021.sw.yonsei/6332
Title: Androgen Deprivation Therapy in Patients with Prostate Cancer is Associated with the Risk of Subsequent Alzheimer's Disease but Not with Vascular Dementia
Authors: Kim J.W.; Kim D.K.; Hye Sun Lee; Juyoung Park; Ahn H.K.; Jee Soo Ha; Dongu Lee; KANG SU CHO
Abstract: Purpose: We aimed to investigate the association between androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and the risk of dementia according to subtypes of dementia in men with prostate cancer. Materials and Methods: We performed a nationwide population-based cohort study using the nationwide claims database in Korea. A total of 195,308 men with newly diagnosed prostate cancer were identified between January 2008 and December 2017, and 132,700 men were selected for analysis after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. The patients were divided into ADT and non-ADT groups. To adjust for imbalances in relevant comorbidities between the groups, exact matching was performed. Study events included newly developed Alzheimer’s disease, vascular dementia, and overall dementia. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used. Results: After exact matching, 44,854 men with prostate cancer were selected for the main analysis. In age-adjusted Cox regression analysis, the ADT group was significantly associated with increased risks for overall dementia (hazard ratio [HR], 1.070; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.009?1.134; p=0.0232) and Alzheimer’s disease (HR, 1.086; 95% CI, 1.018?1.160; p=0.0127), compared to the non-ADT group. No difference in vascular dementia risk was observed between the two groups (HR, 0.990; 95% CI, 0.870?1.126; p=0.8792). Conclusions: The risk of overall dementia increased in men who received ADT. According to dementia subtypes, ADT was associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer’s disease, but not with vascular dementia.2022-07-01T00:00:00ZProton Pump Inhibitors and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: A Self-Controlled Case Series Study
https://yscholarhub.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/2021.sw.yonsei/6333
Title: Proton Pump Inhibitors and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: A Self-Controlled Case Series Study
Authors: Juyoung Park; JOONSANG YOO; JIMIN JEON; JINKWON KIM; Sangwook Kang
Abstract: INTRODUCTION:
We investigated cardiovascular risk due to proton pump inhibitor (PPI) treatment using a self-controlled case series (SCCS) study design, a type of case-only design and an approach to overcome between-person confounding in which individuals act as their own control.
METHODS:
We conducted an SCCS study using the National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening cohort in Korea (2002?2015). The cohort included 303,404 adult participants without prior cardiovascular events, who were followed up until December 2015. The primary outcome was a composite of stroke or myocardial infarction. The SCCS method estimated the age-adjusted incidence rate ratio between periods with and without exposure to PPI among patients with primary outcomes. As sensitivity analysis, conventional multivariable Cox proportional regression analyses were performed, which treated the exposure to PPI and H2 blocker during follow-up as time-dependent variables.
RESULTS:
In the SCCS design, 10,952 (3.6%) patients with primary outcomes were included. There was no association between PPI exposure and primary outcome (incidence rate ratio 0.98, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.89?1.09). In the time-dependent Cox regression analyses, both PPI (adjusted hazard ratio 1.36, 95% CI 1.24?1.49) and H2 blocker (adjusted hazard ratio 1.46, 95% CI 1.38?1.55) were associated with an increased risk of the primary outcome.
DISCUSSION:
Negative findings in the SCCS design suggest that association between increased cardiovascular risk and PPI, frequently reported in prior observational studies, is likely due to residual confounding related to conditions with PPI treatment, rather than a true relationship.2022-07-01T00:00:00Z